I bet you’re overwhelmed by all the options available for every GPU model if you’re looking for a new graphics card. You’ll often see special GPU versions manufactured and sold exclusively by Nvidia, AMD, and Intel themselves, unlike aftermarket graphics cards designed by third-parties (like Asus, MSI, Gigabyte, etc.).
Here’s what you need to know about “reference” versus “custom” graphics to help you decide which one is right for you.
Custom AIB vs. Reference Design: What’s the difference?
Referencing graphics cards are just baseline models for existing or upcoming GPU lines (Nvidia GeForce RTX 40-Series, AMD Radeon RX 7900 Series, Intel Arc Alchemist Series, etc.). They’re the first to hit the market when a new graphics architecture gets released because they stick to the specs set by the original manufacturers (Nvidia, AMD, and Intel).
However, third-party graphics cards (Asus, MSI, Gigabyte, Sapphire, Power Color, etc.) take the GPU manufacturers’ reference specs and give them their own twist. Almost all AIB cards come with customizable cooling solutions, robust VRMs (Voltage Regulator Modules), high-quality capacitors, and additional features.
Here’s all the major differences between reference design graphics cards and AIB variants so you can decide which one is best for you.
1. Branding for GPUs
For their reference designs, Nvidia and Intel use separate designations to compete directly with AIB partner cards. To maintain the exclusivity of its proprietary chip and cooler design, Nvidia has stuck with its “Founders Edition” branding since the launch of GeForce GTX 10-Series GPUs.
While Intel, also a newcomer to dedicated GPUs, branded its entire Arc GPU lineup as “Limited Edition.” Likewise, AMD introduces a new cooler configuration with every generation of GPU.
Custom graphics cards are typically differentiated by different price points by AIB partners. VENTUS is for cheaper, non-OC models, while MSI’s “SUPRIM” or “GAMING X” branding suggests factory overclocked models.
2. Form Factor and Build Quality
Manufacturers usually design reference graphics cards with high-quality materials and test them to meet industry standards. Because AIB partners can modify the reference PCB layout based on their preferences, they often use premium materials (like metal backplates) to make GPUs last longer.
Referencing cards are dual-slot variants to fit most PC cases (ATX and Micro-ATX). Custom AIBs, meanwhile, can vary in form factor and design, from tiny single-slot GPUs for ITX/Mini-ITX cases to mammoth triple-slot versions that only fit in EATX cases.
3. Choosing a Cooling System (Air/Liquid)
The cooling solutions offered by AIB partners are usually better than the ones offered by reference design cards. There are three axial fans and thicker heatsinks on these GPUs, so they run cooler and faster.
By reducing the operating temperature, a graphics card can overclock more easily and run quieter. GPUs with dual-axial fans are already in use, but they don’t have the cooling potential of custom AIBs.
When it comes to liquid cooling, reference cards, the first models in a new GPU family, usually have better aftermarket support. There are some AIB variants that come with water blocks preinstalled, but you can find compatible water blocks for reference cards much easier.
4. Getting the Most Out of Your Overclock
The overclocking potential of custom AIB cards is higher for enthusiasts and power users. There are dedicated cooling solutions for memory and VRMs on these GPUs, along with enhanced power delivery systems.
As opposed to reference design cards, custom GPUs have dual-BIOS switches, so you can switch between different performance profiles if you overclock. These models are pricier, but they cater to those who want utmost performance from their GPUs.
5. How Much It Costs
Reference design graphics cards often come in a more affordable price range than custom GPUs because they have standard specs. There are often multiple price points available for AIB partner cards, so you can get a base model that’s the same as a reference GPU, or a premium OC model that’s 20-30% more than the MSRP.
You can get Nvidia’s RTX 4090 FE for $1599 despite its high price. On the other hand, higher-end custom variants like this AORUS GeForce RTX 4090 MASTER 24G from Gigabyte could set you back $300. As multiple AIB partners produce and distribute the cards, AIB partner cards are generally available more widely than reference or Founders Edition models.
Which GPU Model Should You Choose: Reference Design or Custom AIB?
These graphics cards are perfect for early adopters of a new GPU architecture, for those who have space limitations, and for those who want water cooling compatibility. Conversely, custom AIB cards offer enhanced cooling solutions, improved thermal performance, and tons of customizations, making them ideal for gamers and overclockers.
The right GPU model for your gaming and creative needs will depend on your specific needs, preferences, and budget.